1. What are some ethical issues to keep in mind when using Internet-based research? How can you address these issues? Are you going to make any edits to your literature review that you submitted earlier in this course now that you have learned more about Internet-based research? Why or why not?
2. Discuss the value of qualitative research and ethical considerations related to this type of research.
3. Go to your state board of nursing website and review the requirements to prescribe in your state. Review the standardized procedures requirements for APRN practice in your state if they exist. If they do not review the standardized procedures requirements in another state. Review: Florida board of nursing
Answer the following questions:
- How do you think these standardized protocols and procedures guide advanced nursing practice?
- What are the components that each standardized procedure should include according to your state requirements?
- Discuss the difference between a disease-specific standardized procedure and a process protocol.
- What steps are required to enable NPs to prescribe in your state and are there additional requirements for prescribing controlled substances?
4. Select one of the following discussion prompts to address:
- Describe the morphology of erythrocytes, the mechanism, and the primary cause of the following anemias: Pernicious anemia, folate deficiency anemia, iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia.
- Describe the most common causes and provide examples for neutrophilia, neutropenia, eosinophilia (i.e., eosinophilia caused by asthma, hay fever, or parasitic infection), eosinopenia, basophilia, monocytosis, monocytopenia, lymphocytosis, and lymphocytopenia.
Expert Solution Preview
Introduction:
As a medical professor responsible for designing assignments and evaluating student performance, I understand the importance of addressing ethical issues when using Internet-based research. Additionally, I recognize the value of qualitative research and the ethical considerations associated with this type of study. Moreover, I understand the significance of standardized protocols and procedures in guiding advanced nursing practice and enabling nurse practitioners to prescribe medication in each state. Lastly, I acknowledge the need for a comprehensive understanding of various anemias and abnormalities in peripheral blood cell counts.
Answer to Question 1:
Ethical issues to consider when using Internet-based research include ensuring the reliability and credibility of online sources, protecting participants’ privacy and confidentiality, and avoiding plagiarism. To address these issues, it is crucial to critically evaluate the sources by checking for author credentials, peer review status, and accuracy of information. Additionally, researchers should obtain informed consent, anonymize data, and adhere to ethical guidelines while conducting their studies. Regarding my literature review, I would review and revise it to incorporate any new knowledge or insights gained from understanding internet-based research. It is vital to keep the review up to date and reflect accurate and current information.
Answer to Question 2:
Qualitative research holds significant value in exploring complex phenomena, uncovering subjective experiences, and providing in-depth insights. Ethical considerations related to qualitative research include obtaining informed consent, ensuring confidentiality, maintaining trustworthiness, and respecting participants’ autonomy. Researchers must also address issues of power dynamics, promote cultural sensitivity, and maintain transparency throughout the study. These considerations help protect the rights and well-being of participants, ensuring the ethical conduct of qualitative research.
Answer to Question 3:
Reviewing the requirements for prescribing in the state of Florida, the standardized protocols and procedures play a crucial role in guiding advanced nursing practice. They provide a structured framework for APRN practice, ensuring patient safety, and promoting evidence-based care. The components that each standardized procedure should include, according to Florida requirements, may include a clear description of the procedure, indications, contraindications, expected outcomes, potential complications, and the responsible provider’s qualifications.
Disease-specific standardized procedures focus on a specific condition, providing instructions for diagnosis, treatment, and patient management. Process protocols, on the other hand, outline a step-by-step approach to a specific procedure or task. While disease-specific standardized procedures are condition-specific, process protocols are applicable to a broader range of interventions or practices.
Enabling NPs to prescribe in the state of Florida requires completing an accredited advanced practice nursing program, obtaining national certification, and applying for state licensure. Additional requirements for prescribing controlled substances may include completing additional education or training, obtaining a DEA number, and adhering to state regulations related to controlled substances.
Answer to Question 4:
One of the most common causes of anemia is iron deficiency, which can be caused by inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, or chronic bleeding. Pernicious anemia is characterized by vitamin B12 deficiency due to impaired absorption, often resulting from autoimmune destruction of the gastric parietal cells. Folate deficiency anemia occurs due to inadequate dietary intake of folate or malabsorption, leading to decreased production of red blood cells. Thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal production of hemoglobin chains, leading to reduced red blood cell lifespan. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder where red blood cells assume a sickle shape, causing blockages in blood vessels and reduced oxygen delivery.
The causes of abnormalities in peripheral blood cell counts can vary. Neutrophilia may occur in response to inflammation, infection, or stress. Neutropenia can be caused by chemotherapy, bone marrow disorders, or autoimmune conditions. Eosinophilia may be observed in conditions such as asthma, hay fever, or parasitic infections. Eosinopenia typically occurs during stress or acute inflammation. Basophilia is rare but can be seen in certain blood disorders. Monocytosis may be present in chronic inflammation or infections. Monocytopenia is uncommon, but it can be seen in some immune disorders. Lymphocytosis may be a response to viral infections, while lymphocytopenia can occur in immunodeficiency conditions or autoimmune disorders.
